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History of the State Common Cores: A Comprehensive Exploration

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Massachusetts Town Greens: A History of the State's Common Centers

by Emily M Parris

5 out of 5

Language	:	English
File size	:	76092 KB
Text-to-Speech	:	Enabled
Screen Reader	:	Supported
Enhanced typesetting	:	Enabled
Word Wise	:	Enabled
Print length	:	257 pages

: The Genesis of Education Standards

The concept of common educational standards in the United States has its roots in the late 19th century. As the nation began to grapple with the challenges of mass education, there was a growing recognition of the need for some level of uniformity in curriculum and instruction.

In 1892, the Committee of Ten, a group of prominent educators appointed by the National Education Association, issued a report that called for the establishment of a common curriculum for secondary schools. This report laid the foundation for the development of state and national standards that would eventually shape the American educational landscape.

The Progressive Era and the Rise of Common Standards

The Progressive Era (1890-1920) was a time of significant reform in American education. Progressive educators argued that education should be more relevant to the needs of students and society. They also believed that the curriculum should be more standardized, so that all students would have access to the same high-quality education.

In 1918, the National Education Association published a report titled "Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education" that outlined seven goals for secondary education. These goals included the development of good citizenship, the preparation of students for college and the workforce, and the promotion of personal health and well-being.

The Cardinal Principles report had a major impact on the development of common standards. In the years that followed, many states adopted curriculum frameworks that were based on the report's goals.

The Cold War and the Sputnik Crisis

The launch of Sputnik by the Soviet Union in 1957 sparked a renewed interest in education in the United States. Americans were concerned that the Soviet Union was outperforming the United States in science and technology, and they believed that this was due in part to the Soviet Union's superior educational system.

In response to the Sputnik crisis, the United States government increased funding for education and began to develop new curriculum standards. In 1958, the National Defense Education Act was passed, which provided funding for science, mathematics, and foreign language instruction.

The Sputnik crisis also led to the development of the Interstate New Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium (INTASC),a national organization that develops standards for teacher education and certification. INTASC standards have been adopted by most states, and they have had a major impact on the preparation of teachers.

The Civil Rights Movement and the Push for Equal Education

The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s led to a number of important changes in American education. One of these changes was the push for equal access to education for all students, regardless of race or socioeconomic status.

In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that segregated schools were unconstitutional. This decision led to the desegregation of schools across the country. However, desegregation did not always lead to equal access to education for all students. Many black students continued to attend schools that were underfunded and overcrowded.

In 1965, Congress passed the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA),which provided funding to schools that served low-income students. The ESEA has been reauthorized several times since its passage, and it remains a major source of funding for public education.

The Civil Rights Movement also led to the development of new curriculum standards that were more inclusive of the experiences of all students. In 1968, the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) published a report titled "Curriculum Change in the Social Studies" that called for the development of a more multicultural curriculum.

The NCSS report had a major impact on the development of social studies standards in the years that followed. Many states adopted social studies frameworks that were based on the report's recommendations.

The 1980s and the Rise of Standards-Based Reform

The 1980s saw a renewed interest in standards-based reform in education. This movement was driven by a number of factors, including the concern that American students were falling behind their international peers in science and mathematics.

In 1983, the National Commission on Excellence in Education published a report titled "A Nation at Risk" that called for a number of reforms to American education. One of the report's recommendations was that states should adopt more rigorous academic standards.

The "A Nation at Risk" report had a major impact on the development of standards-based reform in the United States. Many states began to develop new curriculum standards that were based on the report's recommendations.

In 1989, the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) published a report titled "Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics" that outlined a new vision for mathematics education. The NCTM standards emphasized the importance of problem-solving, communication, and reasoning.

The NCTM standards had a major impact on the development of mathematics standards in the years that followed. Many states adopted mathematics frameworks that were based on the NCTM standards.

The 1990s and the Development of State Common Core Standards

The 1990s saw the development of a number of state common core standards. These standards were developed by groups of states that worked together to create a common curriculum for their students.

One of the first state common core standards was the Massachusetts Curriculum Frameworks, which were developed in 1996. The Massachusetts Curriculum Frameworks were based on the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards and the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) standards.

The Massachusetts Curriculum Frameworks had a major impact on the development of state common core standards in other states. Many states adopted common core standards that were based on the Massachusetts Curriculum Frameworks.

In 1999, the National Governors Association (NGA) and the Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO) formed the Common Core State Standards Initiative. The goal of the Common Core State Standards Initiative was to develop a set of common core standards that would be adopted by all states.

The Common Core State Standards were developed by a group of educators,

Massachusetts Town Greens: A History of the State's Common Centers

by Emily M Parris

5 out of 5